تورنت‌ها و امنیت شما

A torrent comes from other people's computers, not from one website. That changes what you can trust and what others can see. This page says plainly what GDM does and what it doesn't. The switches it mentions are in Tasks → Torrent settings....

آنچه دیگران می‌توانند ببینند

• Your IP address. Everyone sharing the same torrent sees it, as do its trackers and the DHT (the network peers use to find each other). That's how BitTorrent works, and no setting in GDM changes it. To hide your address, use a VPN on your whole computer.
• What you download, on your local network. GDM tells other computers on your network which torrents it has, so they can share faster. On public Wi-Fi, turn off Find peers on the local network.
• That you use GDM. Peers see the name "MisterDownloadManager" and its major version, not the exact build.

GDM's torrents don't use encryption (sometimes called "protocol encryption"). That kind of encryption only hides the traffic from simple filters. It never hides who you are, so GDM doesn't claim to offer it. Some peers that require it won't connect.

آنچه به رایانه شما می‌رسد

GDM starts its torrent engine the first time a torrent needs it. With Stop the torrent engine when no torrent is running on (the default), it stops again a minute after no torrent is running or sharing. While it runs, other peers can connect to GDM, and GDM asks your router to forward its port (UPnP). Windows may ask whether to allow GDM through the firewall: allow it on private networks only.

This is the only part of GDM that waits for connections from outside. Downloads, GDM's DNS choice (Options → Connection → DNS), its updates and its helpers only connect out, so they never need a firewall exception; the browser extension and the automation API reach GDM on this computer only (127.0.0.1).

در تنظیمات تورنت می‌توانید پذیرش اتصال‌های ورودی و نگاشت پورت در روتر (UPnP) یا DHT را خاموش کنید. بارگیری‌ها همچنان انجام می‌شوند، اما گاهی کندتر. ثابت نگه‌داشتن درگاه باعث می‌شود قوانین فایروال و روتر همچنان کار کنند. این تغییرات در راه‌اندازی بعدی موتور اعمال می‌شوند؛ یعنی وقتی هیچ تورنتی در حال اجرا نیست.

The torrent engine is written in Rust, which rules out many memory bugs, and GDM checks every piece against the torrent's fingerprint, so a peer can't slip in altered data. GDM keeps the engine up to date with the fixes its authors publish.

ردیاب‌ها

A torrent names the trackers GDM asks for peers. GDM doesn't contact a tracker on your own computer or your local network (127.0.0.1, 192.168.…, localhost and the like), so a torrent can't make GDM send requests into the network it sits in. Add trackers... follows the same rule: it refuses such an address and tells you why, rather than keeping one that would never be asked.

A .torrent file fetched from a web address goes through the same checks as one opened from disk, and GDM reads at most 10 MB of it.

مسدود کردن آدرس‌ها

Block the addresses in this list takes the address of a public IP blocklist, in the P2P (PeerGuardian) or eMule .dat format, plain or gzipped. GDM downloads it with its own downloader (your Proxy / Socks settings apply), checks it, and fetches it again every 7 days. Peers in it are refused. A list GDM can't read is left out, and the last good one stays. The engine reads the list when it starts.

فایل‌های تورنت

• GDM refuses a torrent with file names your system can't write safely, says which name, and writes nothing.
• GDM never writes into a file that's already there without asking.
• فایل‌های تورنت مانند بارگیری‌های مرورگر، با نشان بارگیری‌شده از اینترنت مشخص می‌شوند. Windows SmartScreen پیش از نخستین اجرای برنامه آن را بررسی می‌کند و Office سندها را در Protected View باز می‌کند. در Mac، Gatekeeper برنامه‌ها را بررسی می‌کند.
• تورنت می‌تواند هر چیزی داشته باشد و هر کسی می‌تواند آن را بسازد. فقط برنامه‌هایی را باز کنید که از افراد مورد اعتمادتان دریافت کرده‌اید و اگر تردید دارید، آن‌ها را اسکن کنید.

پروکسی‌ها

GDM's Proxy / Socks settings are for web and FTP downloads. Torrents can use a SOCKS5 one too: set a socks5:// proxy in Options → Proxy / Socks and turn on Use the proxy in Torrent settings. The proxy covers connections to peers and web trackers only, so with it GDM turns off the DHT, local peer discovery, incoming connections and UDP trackers; it opens no UDP socket toward the network at all. If the proxy is gone from Proxy / Socks while that switch is on, torrents don't start rather than go around it.

برای مسیریابی همه چیز از طریق شبکه‌ای دیگر، از VPN در سراسر رایانه استفاده کنید.

آداپتور شبکه

Options → Proxy / Socks → Network adapter holds GDM's connections to one adapter, usually a VPN's (Options). The torrent engine binds every socket to it: peers (TCP, and through a SOCKS proxy), HTTP and UDP trackers, the DHT and the listening port. On Linux and macOS it binds the adapter itself. On Windows it binds the adapter's address (its IPv4 one when it has one), and Windows sends a packet only through the adapter that has its source address. UPnP and local peer discovery are turned off then, because they talk to the local network rather than through the adapter.

It works as a kill switch. When the adapter disconnects, running torrents stop with "… is not connected; it goes on when it is back", and they start again through the adapter when it is. Until GDM notices (within a second), the engine's sockets are still bound to an address that is gone, so nothing can leave another way. A torrent added while the adapter isn't connected doesn't start, and says why. Tracker names are still looked up by the system's DNS.

گزارش مشکل

باگ امنیتی پیدا کرده‌اید؟ لطفا آن را به‌جای ثبت در یک گزارش عمومی، به‌صورت خصوصی در GitHub گزارش کنید (امنیت → گزارش آسیب‌پذیری، SECURITY.md را ببینید).

مراحل بعدی

• تورنت‌ها →
• بازگشت به فهرست اسناد →